In a finding that could help speed the understanding of diseases ranging from cancer to osteoporosis, researchers in Utah are reporting development of a new microscope technique that uses “silver nanoparticle” mirrors to reveal hidden details inside bones, cancer cells, and other biological structures. The method also can help identify structural damage in a wide variety of materials, including carbon-fiber plastics used in airplanes, the researchers say.
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A team of orthopedic surgeons and kinesiologists from the Université de Montréal and its affiliated Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre will be honoured with the Hip Society’s John Charnley Award - the most prestigious award in the field of hip surgery. The award will be presented on February 28, 2009, in Las Vegas. As North American pioneers in the development of new knee and hip replacement technologies, Drs.
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Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and the University of Connecticut have pinpointed the source of immature cells that spur misplaced bone growth. Unexpectedly, the major repository of bone-forming cells originates in blood vessels deep within skeletal muscle and other connective tissues, not from muscle stem cells themselves.
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Injuries to the knee’s medial cruciate ligament (MCL) may be treated successfully without surgery, according to a literature review published in the March 2009 issue of The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (JAAOS). The key, the review’s authors found, is properly diagnosing and understanding the extent of the injury to determine the best course of treatment. The MCL is the most frequently injured ligament in the knee.
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While interferon gamma sounds like an outer space weapon, it’s actually a hormone produced by our own bodies, and it holds great promise to repair bones affected by osteoporosis. In a new study published in the journal Stem Cells, researchers from the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre explain that tweaking a certain group of multipotent stem cells (called mesenchymal stem cells) with interferon (IFN) gamma may promote bone growth.
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Spine surgeons at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and other U.S. centers are reporting that artificial disc replacement works as well and often better than spinal fusion surgery. The two procedures are performed on patients with damaged discs in the neck. Researchers found patients who received an artificial disc lost less motion in the neck and recovered faster than those who had a disc removed and the bones of the spine fused.
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While maintaining a steady exercise regimen is one of the best things people can do for their general good health, recent studies suggest an alarming correlation between bicycling and the onset of osteopenia (lower-than-normal bone density) or osteoporosis (very low bone mineral density), even among those who are young and fit.
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Osteoporosis affects more than 200 million people worldwide and is a serious public health concern, according to the National Osteoporosis Foundation. Resistance training often is recommended to increase and prevent loss of bone mineral density (BMD), although previous studies that examined the effects of resistance training in men produced varied results.
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Male mice lacking the protein PICK1 mimic one cause of infertility in men Globozoospermia is a rare but severe male infertility disorder. Jun Xia and colleagues, at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, People’s Republic of China, have now discovered that male mice lacking the protein PICK1 are infertile and that their condition resembles men with globozoospermia, potentially shedding light on this human disorder.
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A receptor known to be active in bone metastases, but previously unexplored in primary bone tumors, is a potential therapeutic target in osteosarcoma, investigators from The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report in the March 1 issue of Cancer Research. The researchers found that the protein - interleukin-11 receptor alpha (IL-11Ra) - is highly expressed in primary osteosarcoma and in lung metastases from these tumors.
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